Can some bacteria survive in the deep ocean despite high hydrostatic pressure?

The correct answer is that some bacteria can indeed thrive under high pressure conditions found in the deep ocean. These specialized microorganisms are known as extremophiles, specifically piezophiles. They have adapted to live in such extreme environments, using unique biochemical pathways and cellular structures that enable them to maintain cellular functions and integrity under high hydrostatic pressure.

However, the assertion that they are sensitive to normal atmospheric pressure is not entirely accurate for all piezophiles. Many of these bacteria are actually adapted to their high-pressure environments, and when exposed to normal atmospheric pressure, some may not function optimally or may even enter a more dormant state. This means that while they can survive at normal pressures, they are specifically evolved for high-pressure conditions, and their physiological processes could be adversely affected if rapidly transitioned to atmospheric pressure.

In contrast, other options do not accurately represent the adaptations of deep-sea bacteria. The notion that all bacteria perish in the deep ocean is incorrect, as many have evolved to not only survive but thrive in those conditions. While some bacteria do require oxygen, it is unnecessary to generalize this requirement to all deep-sea bacteria, as some are anaerobic and can live in oxygen-free environments. Overall, the correct understanding lies in recognizing the